Causes and Effects of Gender Inequality - Essay - 1544 Words

Thao Nguyen English 101 Mr. Merchant October 19, 2012 Essay #2 Causes and Effects of Gender Inequality Throughout history, countless acts of gender inequality can be identified; the causes of these discriminating accounts can be traced back to different causes. The general morality of the inequity relies on a belief that men are superior to women; because of this idea, women have spent generations suffering under their counterparts. Also, a common expectation is that men tend to be more assertive and absolute because of their biological hormones or instinctive intellect. Another huge origin is sexual discrimination; even in the world today, many women are viewed by men as just sex objects rather than a real human being with†¦show more content†¦Although they have been given more rights and equality, women still lack fairness in areas such as education, domestic abuse, crime, and lower class value. Cassandra Clifford states in her article â€Å"Are Girls still marginalized? Discrimination and Gender Inequality in Today’s Societyà ¢â‚¬ , â€Å"Woman and girls are abused by their husbands and fathers, young girls are exploited by sex tourism and trafficking, girls in many countries are forced into arranged marriages at early ages. Twice as many women are illiterate as men, due to the large gap in education, and girls are still less likely to get jobs and excel in the work place than boys.† She describes some of the issues that women face today around the world. These issues are what keep society from coming together to form a better world. Today, women have more rights than ever before, but the belief of male has resulted in a never ending convention toward women. This leads to predetermined thought from younger girls that they must become inferior. Clifford states in her article, â€Å"Children look first to their own parents for examples and inspiration, therefore when a child see their mother living a life of inequality, the cycle often continues as girls feel there is no alternative for themselves.† When younger girls see their mother or any woman submitting to the standard, they feel they must do the same. An effect on men is that they have to live up to theShow MoreRelatedGender Equality Essay1069 Words   |  5 Pagestogether to be equal but that is far from true. No Im not talking about the inequality of people based off of race or background, the grouping of sex is the issue here. From the beginning of time till now, cultural practices have formed these boundaries. There has always been a separation of males and females and the way they are raised and taught even to what occupations they take on. Over time these became a set of gender boundaries. I believe that this behavior and way of thinking can over timeRead MoreThe Inequality Of People Based Off Of Race1369 Words   |  6 Pagesabout the inequality of people based off of race or background, the grouping of sex is the issue here. From the beginning of time till now, cultural practices have formed these boundaries. There has always been a separation of males and females and the way they are raised and taught even to what occupations they take on. Boys are thought to be strong, be the man of the family and girls are thought to act like a woman, give a man whatever he wants. Over time these became a set of gender boundariesRead MoreThe Epidemic Of Tuberculosis, Kenya, Uganda And The Democratic Republic Of The Congo1665 Words   |  7 Pagesareas. This essay will focus on Sub-Saharan Africa, an area with a wide proportion of resource poor settings. WHO (2015d) estimated around 3.2million people in Africa to have TB, with a mortality rate of 450,000. Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda and the Democratic Republic of the Congo were in the top 25 countries in the world for TB mortality and prevalence. Statistics have shown that in-effective TB control can result in multi-drug resistance TB (MDR-TB), relapse of TB and can cause mortalityRead MoreWhy Education Is Not An Equal Opportunity For Everyone1259 Words   |  6 Pagesopportunity for everyone. In Adrienne Rich’s essay, Taking Women Students Seriously, she speaks of the inequality mainly affecting women while subtly hinting at the inequality present in education in regards to race and class. Gender, race and class are three characteristics that work together to create either a positive or negative profile for one’s education. When delving into the content of Rich’s essay, the author clearly indicates her focus on the gender imbalance in education and how that impactsRead MoreThe Between Men And Women1599 Words   |  7 Pages Haley: Oh, hey Timothy! I recently read your essay that touched on the discrepancy between how men and woman are depicted in sports media. It was very compelling! Timothy Curry: Thanks! Do you feel like you have noticed any of the gender inequalities I talked about? Haley: Definitely, especially as a woman, I notice how we are immensely underrepresented in both amateur and professional sports. I also feel that we are assumed to be inferior in almost all aspects of the athletic world due to theRead MoreIncreasing Minimum Wage For Women And Young Employees901 Words   |  4 Pagespay gap. Although there are a considerable amount of solutions being applied to eliminate the issue of gender pay gap such as protective laws by the government, there would still exist several remaining problems concerning pay discrimination. This essay is going to discuss whether or not the solution of increasing minimum wage for women and young employees could reduce the issue of income inequality such that it would improve all salaries from different occupations, help single mothers to support theRead MoreThe Media Is A Mirror Of Society, And If That Society Is1461 Words   |  6 Pagesauthor of the book Gender Advertising, depicts how men and women behave as a socia l purpose and how today’s social purpose is highly unbalanced in men’s favor. Some people say that advertisers should be held accountable for the unethical images they present. Others, however, say that consumers should be to blame because by buying the products being advertised they are, in fact, supporting the advertisers and the images they set forth. The solution to this issue is simple: If these gender messages are everRead MoreConflict Analysis And Peacebuilding Planning Essay1143 Words   |  5 Pages I. Introduction From my experience in different contexts in East Africa, gender dimensions are often overlooked in conflict analysis and peacebuilding work. I believe that, as peacebuilders, understanding gender dynamics in conflict context would not only enrich our level of analysis, it would also help to come-up-with comprehensive and sustainable peacebuilding plan. In this essay, I will reflect on the conflict, gender and peacebuilding lens discussed in Lisa Schirch’s book (Chapter 9): ConflictRead MoreAre Women Morally Superior To Men By Katha Pollitt750 Words   |  3 PagesKatha Pollitts essay, Marooned on Gilligan’s Island: Are Women Morally Superior to Men, is an essay that explains why people in a society act the way they do, specifically regarding why women are labeled the way that they are. Ms. Pollitt argues how gender difference is a big problem in our society that a lot of people, including women overlook. Through her refutation of many different authors arguments, she b egins to build her thesis as well as discuss how important this topic is in society andRead MoreThe Work Of Maria Del Mar Alonso Almeida1390 Words   |  6 PagesThere are 3,418,059,380 women in the world (Geohive.com, 2015) and yet, women, in 2010, earned a staggering 19% lesser in wages across the world (Economist, 2011). Such wage differentials have been a cause of gender inequality and thereby segregation in the workforce across the globe. The staggering numbers of economic contributions of women compared to men has however, highlighted that there are fewer women to men ratios in the workforce due to the where we live, maternal implications (pregnancies)

Manifest Destiny in America Essay - 684 Words

The famous phrase â€Å"Manifest Destiny† was made up by a journalist in 1844. The idea of Manifest Destiny was that the people of the east had a divine and God-given right to settle in the west. God put the land there for the taking, and so the immigrants answered His call with westward expansion. My belief is that Manifest destiny was a necessary evil. The idea of manifest destiny expanded the west and provided homes and jobs. but on the other side of the coin manifest destiny ran the Native Americans out of their land and kept pushing them further and further west. In the year 1843, the stage was set for the Great Migration. Throughout the 1840s westward expansion started rolling. People living in the crowded east were lured west with†¦show more content†¦And whether or not they had the God-given right to settle in the west, that was exactly what they did. Nothing was able to stop them, even seemingly massive amounts of death, and that is the true miracle of Americ a’s westward expansion. Though Oregon had given away all its free land by 1855, more would still continue to migrate to California and Oregon for many years. Hundreds and thousands traveled the Oregon Trail, and though approximately one in ten died from illness and accident, many more remained to settle and farm the land. They believed it was their divine right to do so. Today, some historic land marks and wagon ruts remain as monuments to the Oregon Trail. Many of the brave and bold from the east traveled its path, with ambition and hope in their hearts. Many would never see the lands they wanted to settle in. In a bid to encourage people onto the Plains advertisements told success stories of those who had claimed land under the terms of the Homestead Act and had become successful. It divided 2.5 million acres of Plains land into sections or homesteads of 160 acres. People could now claim 160 acres of land. The only requirement on their part was that they paid a small charg e and built a house or added something to the land such as a house or a well and lived on the land for at least 5 years. The bad side of the coin was that manifest destiny ran the Native Americans outShow MoreRelatedThe Manifest Destiny Of America Essay897 Words   |  4 PagesThe Manifest Destiny was the name given to the Anglo-American (white) expansion into the West. The Manifest Destiny was based on an idea that white Americans were superior people who believed in God. Americans were to populate North America â€Å"sea to shining sea† and spread the religion of Christianity. The Manifest Destiny displayed American’s confidence. Americans moved west for more land, the Manifest Destiny also uplifted American’s freedom and democracy. And it encouraged independence. TheRead MoreManifest Destiny : America s Destiny1188 Words   |  5 PagesManifest Destiny was the idea that it was America’s destiny to spread across the entire continent of North Americ a. It was started by a group of expansionist called the Young American Movement and they were affiliated with the Democratic Party. By their idea, America was able to double its size and obtain new land from Mexico and Britain. However, this also caused pain to the Native Americans. In the end, America obtained new land, and its people achieved what they believed to be their God givenRead MoreNative America, Discovered and Conquered: Manifest Destiny803 Words   |  4 PagesTerritory and the prospects of future land acquisition, Americans used the idea of Manifest Destiny to justify their actions for moving westward and their treatment of Native Americans. The idea of Manifest Destiny was created directly by the European-used Doctrine of Discovery and industrialization; this direct correlation was proven to be true from the verdict of the court case Johnson v. M’Intosh. The term â€Å"Manifest Destiny† was never actually used until 1845, but the idea was always implied from theRead MoreManifest Destiny Of The United States1202 Words   |  5 PagesManifest destiny is one of the beliefs that existed in the United States. The latter stated belief claimed that, the settlers based in America were allowed to spread all over the continent. However, historians came into an agreement that three themes exist in relation to manifest destiny, and this include: the America’s special virtue and their institutions; America’s mission that aimed at redeeming and rebuilding the western part as per the agrarian America, and a destiny that will enhance theRead MoreEssay on Manifest Destiny 1312 Words   |  6 Pagesthe largest and most wealthy countries in the world, the United States of America, has gone through many changes in its long history. From winning its independence from Great Britain to present day, America has changed dramatically and continues to change. A term first coined in the 1840s, Manifest Destiny helped push America into the next century and make the country part of what it is today. The ideas behind Manifest Destiny played an important role in the development of the United States by allowingRead MoreManifest Destiny By James K. Polk1257 Words   |  6 PagesJack Biernesser Mr. Schulten U.S. History 16 March 2016 Manifest Destiny Manifest Destiny is the belief during the 19th century, that the United States of America not only could, but was destined to, stretch from coast to coast. The idea of Manifest Destiny helped to fuel the war with Mexico and the removal of Indians from the United States. The American people and government lived by this belief. Manifest Destiny had many good results like the expansion of the American territory. It also had manyRead MoreManifest Destiny Essay802 Words   |  4 Pages Manifest destiny was the belief that God wanted the United States to own all of North America (Hall 301). But John O’Sullivan really only envisioned that white men were the only ones privileged enough to receive liberty (Hal 301). The Manifest Destiny was caused by the American people it gave them a sense of superiority over the other peoples who lived in North America. The declaration of the Manifest destiny wanted to expand the U.S. territory over the whole of North America and to extend andRead MoreThere Were Different Researches Done To Show What Caused1059 Words   |  5 PagesThere were different researches done to show what caused the Mexican War. Some say America and others say Mexico themselves. There has been some insight by Ramà ³n Eduardo Ruiz, David J. Weber, Rodolfo Acuà ±a, and Walter Nugent. From Ramà ³n Eduardo Ruiz’s article, there are mentions of the Manifest Destiny. Manifest Destiny played a role in the New World and in Mexico. In â€Å"’From Hell Itself’ The Americanization of Mexico’s Frontier† by David J. Weber, talks about the issues within Mexico that causedRead MoreAp American History - by: Alberto Alonso937 Words   |  4 Pagesfor expansion.† However, slavery was not the only reason America sought for expansion. Other than slavery, people wanted to expand America because they believed in Manifest Destiny (an idea during the 19th century in which people believed that America should expand over the enti rety of North America) or because they feared that Texas was an independent state, even the Gold Rush in California (1848-1855) contributed to the expansion of America. Even though â€Å"the opponents of the annexation of Texas andRead MoreManifest Destiny Essay735 Words   |  3 PagesManifest Destiny affect on Modern United States During the mid 1800’s America was at a peak of nationalism, which involved their religious beliefs. Manifest destiny describes the attitude of a white man in America during the 19th century, involving their desire for evangelization, white supremacy, and westward expansion. To a majority of the Americans, manifest destiny was a proud accomplishment they would be faced with. Manifest destiny had a negative impact on the Native Americans, however, it

Where Did the Roman Senate Meet

During the Roman Republic, Roman senators met together in their senate-house, which was known as the curia, a building whose history predates the Republic. In the mid-6th century B.C., the legendary King Tullus Hostilius is said to have built the first curia in order to house 10 elected representatives of the Roman people. These 10 men were the curiae. This first curia was called the Curia Hostilia in honor of the king. Location of the Curia The forum was the center of Roman political life and the curia was part of it. More specifically, in the forum was the, an area where the assembly met. It was originally a rectangular space aligned with the cardinal points (North, South, East, and West). The curia was to the north of the comitium. Most of the following information on the Curia Hostilia comes directly from forum member Dan Reynolds. Curia and the Curiae The word curia refers to the original 10-elected curiae (clan leaders) of the 3 original tribes of Romans: TitiesRamnesLuceres These 30 men met in the Comitia Curiata, the assembly of the curiae. All the voting originally took place in the Comitium, which was a templum (from which,temple). A templum was a consecrated space that, was circumscribed and separated by the augurs from the rest of the land by a certain solemn formula. Responsibilities of the Curia This assembly was responsible for ratifying the succession of kings (Lex Curiata) and for giving the king his imperium (a key concept in ancient Rome that refers to power and authority). The curiae may have become lictors or the lictors may have replaced the curiae, following the period of kings. During the Republic, it was the lictors (by 218 B.C.) who met in the comitia curiata to grant imperium to the newly-elected consuls, praetors, and dictators. Location of the Curia Hostilia The Curia Hostilia, 85 long (N/S) by 75 wide (E/W), was oriented facing south. It was a templum, and, as such, was oriented north/south, as were the major temples of Rome. On the same axis as the church (facing SW), but southeast of it, was the Curia Julia. The old Curia Hostilia was dismantled and where it once stood was the entrance to Caesars forum, which also ran northeast, away from the old comitium. Curia Julia Julius Caesar started the construction of a new curia, which was completed after he died and dedicated as the Curia Julia in 29 B.C. Like its predecessors, it was a templum. Emperor Domitian restored the curia, then it burnt down during the fire under Emperor Carinus, and was rebuilt by Emperor Diocletian.

Career Episode-2 . C.E.2.1 Introduction. C.E.2.1.1 Duration

CAREER EPISODE-2 C.E.2.1 INTRODUCTION C.E.2.1.1 DURATION: The duration of this episode was from June 2015 to December 2015. C.E.2.1.2 PROJECT NAME: Designing, Erection and Commissioning of 5/8 inches to 4 inches High Frequency Tube Mill for 3G Metal Corp. in Bawal, Rewari. C.E.2.1.3 LOCATION: This project was located at Plot no. 119, Sector 26, Industrial Area, Bhiwani. C.E.2.1.4 ORGANIZATION’S NAME: Nav Jyoti Casting Engg. Works. C.E.2.1.5 POSITION: Mechanical Engineer in the Erection Department. C.E.2.2 BACKGROUND C.E.2.2.1 CAREER HISTORY: After completing my first project of Manufacturing, Erection Commissioning of S.S. slitting line (850mm) for Anmol Stainless steel Pvt Ltd, Kolkata, I worked in my company’s projects as a†¦show more content†¦- Detailing and dimensioning the various components for manufacturing. - Working with maintenance teams to develop and implement preventative maintenance processes. - Transforming research ideas into technical plans with the help of computer aided design (AUTOCAD) program. - Creating designs with the help of computer aided design (AUTOCAD) program. - Evaluating final products, overall performance, reliability and safety. C.E.2.2.7 PROJECT BACKGROUND: The project was a direct consequence of the flexible tube mill design which stipulated better efficiency measures, particularly for special (round or square) pipe manufacturing. C.E.3.3 PERSONAL ENGINEERING ACTIVITY C.E.2.3.1 ENGINEERING KNOWLEDGE AND SKILLS APPLIED: - Concept design generation was guided by theories from Design Engineering like Computer Aided Design and AUTOCAD. This computer program helped in drafting and translates customer needs into product features. - Designing of mechanisms required knowledge in Basics of Mechanical Engineering, Kinematics of Machines, Engineering Mechanics, Strength of Materials and Mechanical Machine Design. - Concepts of Manufacturing Technology used in considering the implications of issues such as cost, safety and time constraints. - Detailing and dimensioning required knowledge of various Manufacturing operations and Drawing fundamentals to increasing the efficiency of manufactured components thereby reducing manufacturing costs. -

Brother Man Free Essays

Brother Man By: Roger Mais 4/1/13 Summary: The novel follows several characters including brother man and Minette, Girlie and Papacita, Jesmina, Cordelia and Tad. Brother man is the village’s healing man but some of the villagers do not believe in what he does. Girlie and Papacita are in an abusive relationship and they both suffer greatly from it. We will write a custom essay sample on Brother Man or any similar topic only for you Order Now Papacita however is out till late hours of the night making deal with men for setting them up with girls. Jesmina has been taking care of Cordelia because she has been sick but once brother man comes and places his hand on her and prays, she begins to recover back to full health. However her young son tad becomes ill with an unbreakable fever. Minette secretly loves Brother Man but cannot get him to notice her, so she also flirts with Papacita. One night when Brother Man was walking through the village he thought he was so focused that he did not fully notice a woman who had said peace and blessing to him. But when he went back to thank her, she could not be found. Brother Man asked a girl and boy if they had seen the old woman but they had not. They told Brother Man about the legend of old Mag and how her spirit is said to go around giving curses and blessings on people. Brother Man reassured them that she has said blessing words. Brother Man then ran into a young boy carrying a crab. The boy showed brother man how he has handcuffed the crab to itself in order to safely carry it home. Brother Man then offered to buy the crab and the boy took him up on his offer. Then brother man released its handcuffs and set it free. Brother Man then explains to the young boy that all creatures have feelings and that it was not right to torture the crab by handcuffing it. Visceral Response: When first introduced to Papacita and Girlie, I did not understand their relationship. I pitied Girlie for having to put up with the physical along with the mental abuse but then again she dishes out some abuse as well. It is truly a sad occurrence when little Tad becomes sick and they are unable to break the fever. I have hope that he will get better but I fear that he will die. As for Brother Man I have mixed feelings about him. I understand that he is supposed to be the protagonist of the story and that we as readers are supposed to like him but I am not too sure if I do. I sometimes get the feeling from him that he is better than everyone else because he knows more, yet he preaches that all living beings should be equal. He is almost like a too perfect character. It actually makes me mad when he buys the crab off of the boy and lectures him about not handcuffing crabs. The boy was going to eat that to survive, it is the way of life; survival of the fittest. How to cite Brother Man, Papers

HR Strategy For The High Performing Business assignment essay

Question: Dicuss about the Report on HR Strategy For The High Performing Business? Answer: The best Human Resource strategies regarding the performance of the management system The meanings of strategies are the choices and actions made by an organization to fulfill its future development (Eigenhuis, Dijk Eigenhuis, 2008). The two best strategies of Human Resource are Loyal Soldier and Committed Expert. The hiring as well as retaining of employees who are loyal to the company is emphasized by the loyal soldier. The employees perform any kind of task according to the order of the company. The main reason behind this strategy is employees of the organizations have huge roles and perform a variety of different tasks. In most of the organizations, efficient job roles are being provided to the company professionals and staffs because they are skilled and experienced. So, it gives encouragement to perform well (Falcone, 2010). On the other hand, the performance evaluation of the committee expert human resource strategy is designed to balance competition and cooperation between the workers of the company. They also receive durable training for the development of their strong skill. This strategy also includes a good advantageous profit to the employees. The reason behind selecting the objectives of the new system The objectives of the new system are utilized to facilitate change of performance. The organization modified from subjective appraisal system regarding performance to more objective rating method. These rating systems are more concerned with the behavior as well as actions of the employees (Werner, 2014). The change from old to new system of the organization is good because the utilization of the behavior-based scale overcome the errors of the employees. As a result of this, the errors are checked and reviewed properly which helps to maintain the proper flow of projects. The performance regarding the evaluation of the employee is done once in a year. Here, the main advantage of the employee is that they can perform their job according to their capabilities and skills. For example, the new system strategy maintains cooperation between the employees and helps each other according to their skills. The changes are done to maintain a competitive environment between the employees as they p ut their best effort with an expectation to get awards from the organization. Therefore, the organization is able to make the development of the future. Time to time training also helps the employees to increase their employment skills and knowledge. The certain ratings of the organization In order to provide general ratings on the employee's performance organization are using different types of ratings formats such as narrative ratings, graphics ratings and forced ratings. Narrative ratings This is one of the major rating factors which influence the supervisor to ask other raters to provide a written description of employee performance. For an example, a professor can draw a character report of a leaner by evaluating its performance. Moreover, with the help of proper monitoring a person can write a report of individual people. On the other hand, the narrative ratings conclude some useful benefits that enhance tailored specific descriptions, various aspects of performance with perhaps unique (Cole Cooley, 2014). However, a stock analyst has some effective responsibilities with specific sets of goals and circumstances that may not applicable in the case of another analyst. Moreover, this narrative rating enhances an opportunity to make comments and evolutions that reflect the analyst. In addition, those comments can be used to improve the performance. Graphics ratings The graphics rating scales are generally used as the most common ratings formats. With the help of these graphics ratings, raters can provide a numerical rating numbers that include different dimensions of work performance (Buckingham, 2007). On the other hand, either outcomes or behaviors are influenced by measurements of graphical ratings. For an example, a scale that may include three categories such as low performance (1), average performance (2) and excellent performance (3). The rater is asked to place the employee in above mentioned ratings scale. Forced rankings Apart from above ratings, the forced rankings where a rater is asked to rank all employees. For an example, an office manager asked a rater to make all five office secretaries in a rank format according to their work performance. Moreover, the forced rankings enhance a tendency and provide a clear guidance to the organization that should promote and rewarded for performance to an employee. Moreover, forced ranking encourage employees to compete with each other in order to achieve individual targets. The strengths and weaknesses In the new system, main strengths are employee satisfaction, active communication, and customer satisfaction. The management trained their employees to become skilled. The customers are very satisfied with services. Talking about the weakness of process, organization did not pay attention to the employee recruitment process. Moreover, the management did not meet the needs of clients. As a result, many clients complained against the organization (Smither London, 2009). References Eigenhuis, A., Dijk, R., Eigenhuis, A. (2008). Hr Strategy For The High Performing Business. London: Kogan Page. Falcone, P. (2010). 101 sample write-ups for documenting employee performance problems. New York: American Management Association/Society for Human Resource Management. Werner, J. (2014). Human Resource Development Human Resource Management: So What Is It?. Human Resource Development Quarterly, 25(2), 127-139. https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hrdq.21188 Buckingham, M. (2007). Go put your strengths to work. New York: Free Press. Cole, H., Cooley, T. (2014). Rating agencies. Cambridge, Mass.: National Bureau of Economic Research. Smither, J., London, M. (2009). Performance management. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Earning Gap between men and women Essay Example For Students

Earning Gap between men and women Essay Earnings GapEarnings gap by gender can be explained by several different theories. Varying on the individual views/opinions some theories may make more sense than others. In my opinion the one theory that best explains this gap between genders is the occupational segregation. There are some occupations that are female, and others that are male. One of the explanations for this is the discontinuity of the female participation/attachment in labor force. During their labor force participation, women would need to take time off for child bearing. In order to ensure that she still has a job when she comes back, she needs to choose a job with general skill level. As a result, the jobs that require only a general skill level and not a lot of training will generally pay less than the jobs with specialized skill and that involve a lot of training. Therefore, because women have a tendency to movie in and out of the labor force, they choose jobs that share common characteristic of general skill and training. Furthermore, the occupational segregation explains the earnings gap with the notion of gender roles. That is to say that certain jobs such a secretaries are pegged to be occupations of the females, while the jobs such as lawyers have a tendency you be viewed as males occupation. Once explanation for this is that male occupations require aggressiveness, strength, and endurance, while the female occupations require caring, patience and empathy. In contrast the other explanation is that women choose certain occupations because of the way that they are socialized. Regardless of the explanation, traditionally the male roles had higher earnings than females. To this day the research suggests that gender role stereotypes have an influence on career choices of men and women. Also, one can say that discrimination on part of the employer played a factor in the gender earnings gap. For instance if you were hiring for a high management position in your company, would you rather hire a female that will most likely require maternity leave in the futureleaving you with an empty spot and a requirement to re-hire, and re-train the new employee to fill it, or a male that is more likely to be stable at the given position. By looking at it from a profit maximizing point, and rational decision-making one would most likely pick the male for higher probability of stability at the job. So, to explain the earnings gap between genders one can look at it from the prospective of occupational segregation or the discrimination. The occupational segregation contributes that women choose certain jobs because of their socialization and their own instability in the labor force, while the discrimination on part of employer keeps the women away from high specialized/high paying jobs for the same reasons.